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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Tánaiste
The Tánaiste (plural: Tánaistithe), or more formally An Tánaiste, is the deputy prime minister of the Republic of Ireland1. The Tánaiste is appointed by the President of Ireland upon the nomination of the Taoiseach (prime minister). The word was historically an Irish word for the heir of a Celtic chieftain (see tanistry).
The Tánaiste acts in the place of the Taoiseach during his or her temporary absence, and, until a successor has been appointed, in the event of the Taoiseach's death or permanent incapacitation. The Tánaiste must be a minister, and is ex-officio a member of the Council of State.
The title is in practice largely honorific. Under a coalition Government the position is commonly held by the leader of the second-largest party. In a single-party government, the Tánaiste is often an 'elder statesman' holding one of the less important ministerial portfolios.
The office was created in the 1937 Constitution of Ireland, replacing the previous office of Vice-President of the Executive Council that had existed under the Constitution of the Irish Free State.
List of Tánaistithe
| #
| Name
| Took Office
| Left Office
| Party
| | 1. | Seán T. O'Kelly | December 29, 1937 | June 14, 1945 | Fianna Fáil
| | 2. | Sean Lemass | June 19, 1945 | February 18, 1948 | Fianna Fáil
| | 3. | William Norton | February 18, 1948 | June 13, 1951 | Labour
| | Sean Lemass (2nd time) | June 13, 1951 | June 2, 1954 | Fianna Fáil
| | William Norton (2nd time) | June 2, 1954 | March 20, 1957 | Labour
| | Sean Lemass (3rd time) | March 20, 1957 | June 23, 1959 | Fianna Fáil
| | 4. | Seán MacEntee | June 23, 1959 | April 21, 1965 | Fianna Fáil
| | 5. | Frank Aiken | April 21, 1965 | July 2, 1969 | Fianna Fáil
| | 6. | Erskine Childers | July 2, 1969 | March 14, 1973 | Fianna Fáil
| | 7. | Brendan Corish | March 14, 1973 | July 5, 1977 | Labour
| | 8. | George Colley | July 5, 1977 | June 30, 1981 | Fianna Fáil
| | 9. | Michael O'Leary | June 30, 1981 | March 9, 1982 | Labour
| | 10. | Ray MacSharry | March 9, 1982 | December 14, 1982 | Fianna Fáil
| | 11. | Dick Spring (1st time) | December 14, 1982 | January 20, 1987 | Labour
| | 12. | Peter Barry | January 20, 1987 | March 10, 1987 | Fine Gael
| | 13. | Brian Lenihan | March 10, 1987 | October 31, 1990 | Fianna Fáil
| | 14. | John P. Wilson | November 13, 1990 | January 12, 1993 | Fianna Fáil
| | Dick Spring (2nd time) | January 12, 1993 | November 17, 1994 | Labour
| | 15. | Bertie Ahern | November 19, 1994 | December 15, 1994 | Fianna Fáil
| | Dick Spring (3rd time) | December 15, 1994 | June 26, 1997 | Labour
| | 16. | Mary Harney | June 26, 1997 | (Current incumbent) | Progressive Democrats
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Footnotes
1. Tánaiste is Irish. It may be pronounced "taw-nish-ta".
See also
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