Théophile Alexandre Steinlen, born November 10, 1859 – died December 13, 1923, was a Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter and printmaker.

Born in Lausanne, Switzerland, Théophile Steinlen studied at the University before taking a job as an designer trainee at a textile mill in Mulhouse in eastern France. In his early twenties he was still developing his skills as a painter when he and his new wife were encouraged by the painter Francois-Louis David Bocion (1828-1890) to move to the artistic community in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris. Once there, Steinlen was befriended by the painter Adolphe Willette who introduced him the artistic crowd at Le Chat Noir that led to his commissions to do poster art for the cabaret owner/entertainer, Aristide Bruant and other commercial enterprises. Seen here, is his 1897 poster for a milk company with the child model being his daughter, Colette.

Frequently referred to as Steinlen, in the early 1890s, Steinlen's paintings of rural landscapes, flowers, and nudes were being shown at the Salon des Indépendants. His 1895 lithograph titled "Les Chanteurs des Rues" was the frontispiece to a work entitled "Chansons de Montmartre" published by Éditions Flammarion with sixteen original lithographs that illustrated the Belle Epoque songs of Paul Delmet . His permanent home, Montmartre and its environs was a favorite subject throughout Steinlen's life and he often painting scenes of some of the harsher aspects of life in the area. In addition to paintings and drawings, he also did sculpture on a limited basis, most notably figures of cats that he had great affection for as seen in many of his paintings.

Steinlen became a regular contributor to Le Rire and Gil Blas magazines plus numerous other publications including Les Humouristes, a short-lived magazine he and a dozen other artists jointly founded in 1911. Between 1883 and 1920, he produced hundreds of illustrations, a number of which were done under a pseudonym so as to avoid political problems due to their harsh criticisms of societal ills.

Théophile Steinlen died in 1923 and was interred in the Cimetière Saint-Vincent in Montmartre. Today, his works can be found at many important museums around the world including at the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia and the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC.