Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez
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Tomás Miguel Guardia Gutiérrez (December 16, 1831–July 6, 1882) was President of Costa Rica on two occasions: from 1870 to 1876, and from 1877 to 1882.
On 27 April 1870 he was one of a group of army officers who deposed President Jesús Jiménez Zamora. He was the power behind the throne during the very short presidency of his co-conspirator Bruno Carranza Ramírez, whom he replaced after a period of three months.
The following year he enacted Costa Rica's 1871 Constitution, which remained in force until 1948.
On 8 May 1876 he surrendered the presidency to Aniceto Esquivel. He continued to pull the strings of power during Esquivel Sáenz's short term in office and that of Esquivel's successor Vicente Herrera, before reassuming the presidency himself on 11 September 1877.
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