Note: although these are UK terms, those marked * are also used in the US. For instance there is a 'Shambles' in Chicago.

Almshouse 

A charitable home for those in need. *

Bastion 

A defence work projecting from the line of a curtain wall in a fortification, particularly one designed for mounting artillery. It provides enfilading cover and is designed for its faces to be themselves enfiladed.

Bounds 

The limits of a plot of land such as a parish or the premises of a College.

Cathedral Close 

An enclosure pertaining to a cathedral in which such as staff housing and maintenance facilities are sited.

Citadel 

Fortress, Keep.

Crenelations 

Fancy stonework on buildings.

Cross 

As well as being a tombstone, a cross may also be a octagonal monument in the middle of a square.

Guild 

A society of a particular trade.

Keystone 

Stone forming the top of an arch. *

Livery Companies 

Similar to guild.

Masonic Lodge 

A meeting place for, or formerly for Freemasons. *

Old 

Formerly of that purpose. (i.e. The Old School House).

Plaza, Piazza 

A square formed with buildings of contential appearance (form the Spanish and Italian versions of square). *

Quarter 

District of a town (usually where a particular minority live or a particular trade is carried out).

Shambles 

Abbatoir/slaughterhouse. A road containing such a building. *

Wynd 

Alley (Scottish).

See also: US local history terms , Castle terms , Church, Cathedral