Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Vexillological symbol
A vexillological symbol is used by vexillologists to indicate certain characteristics of national flags, such as where they are used, who uses them, and what they look like. The set of symbols described in this article are known as international flag identification symbols, which were devised by Whitney Smith.
Usage
A special grid-type symbol () is used to indicate locations of use and which parties may use each flag (See Flag terminology). The format of the symbol is a grid of two squares by three squares, with the presence or absence of a filled circle in each square to indicate usage or non-usage respectively. The general layout of this symbol is as follows:
| Civil | State | War | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flag | Privately used on land | Publicly used on land | Used on land by military |
| Ensign | Privately used at sea | Publicly used at sea | Used at sea by military |
Properties
Other symbols are used to describe how a flag looks, such as whether it has a different design on each side, or if it is hung vertically, etc. These are the symbols in general use:
| Normal or de jure version of flag, or obverse side | |
| Design was proposed in the past, but never officially adopted | |
| Design is a reconstruction, based on past observations | |
| Reverse side of flag | |
| Design is an acceptable variant | |
| Alternate version of flag | |
| De facto version of flag | |
| Flag has different designs on its obverse side and its reverse side | |
| Obverse side meant to be hoisted with pole to the observer's right | |
| Design officially authorized to represent nation by government of that nation | |
| Design used in the past, but now abandoned (this symbol is not part of Smith's original set) | |
| Reverse side is mirror image of obverse side | |
| Reverse side is congruent to obverse side | |
| Information on reverse side is not available | |
| Flag can be hung vertically by hoisting on a normal pole, then turning the pole ninety degrees | |
| Flag can be hung vertically by rotating the design first | |
| Vertical hoist method of flag is unknown | |
| Design has no element which can be rotated | |
| Flag can only be hoisted vertically |
See also
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