The Volksraad was the parliament of the former South African Republic (or Transvaal Republic) which existed from 1857 to 1902 in part of what is now the Republic of South Africa. It was a unicameral body with 24 members. The body ceased to exist after the British victory in the Second Boer War and the resultant formation of the Union of South Africa.

The Volksraad of the South African Republic was divided into two chambers in 1890, in order to keep Afrikaaner (Dutch-speaking) control over state matters and still give the foreigners temporary employed in the mining industry a say in local affairs, and in order to fend off British complaints in this regard. This took place through the Second Volksraad with universal suffrage for all above 16 years. The First Volksraad was the highest authority in charge of state policy and suffrage was limited to persons above 30 with permanent property and a longer history of settlement.

The Volksraad of the Orange Free State was a body that ceased to exist after the British victory in 1902, in the Second Boer War (actually the fifth war, counting the two British occupation wars at the Cape in 1795 and 1803 and the occupation fights in Port Natal (Durban) in 1843).