Xu Bing (b. 1955) is a Chinese-born artist, resident in the United States since 1987.

Born in Chongqing, Xu grew up in Beijing. In 1975, near the end of the Cultural Revolution, he was relocated to the countryside for two years. In 1977, he enrolled at the Central Academy of Fine Art in Beijing, receiving an MFA in 1987. In 1990 he moved to the United States, where he lives today.

Xu's work has been exhibited at the 45th Venice Biennial; Museum of Modern Art, New York; P.S. 1, New York; Museum Ludwig, Koln; Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid; Victoria and Albert Museum, London; Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki; Sydney Biennial; Kwangju Biennial, Korea; Johannesburg Biennial, South Africa; National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa; San Francisco Museum of Contemporary Art; National Gallery of Australia, Canberra; and the International Communications Center, Tokyo. He has had solo exhibitions at the New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York; Fundacio Pilari Joan Miro a Mallorca, Spain; Institute of Contemporary Art, London; National Gallery of Prague; National Gallery of Beijing; North Carolina Museum of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. He received a MacArthur Foundation "genius" award in July 1999, presented to him for "originality, creativity, self-direction, and capacity to contribute importantly to society, particularly in printmaking and calligraphy." Xu Bing's website

In 1990-91, Xu had his first exhibition in the United States at the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Elvehjem Museum of Art, including his installations Book from the Sky and Ghosts Pounding the Wall. In Book from the Sky, the artist invented 4000 characters and hand-carved them into wood blocks, then used them as movable type to print volumes and scrolls, which are displayed laid out on the floor and hung from the ceiling. The vast planes of text seem to convey ancient wisdom, but are in fact unintelligible. The Glassy Surface of a Lake, a site-specific installation for the Elvehjem, was on view in 2004-05. In this work, a net of cast aluminum letters forming a passage from Henry David Thoreau's Walden stretches across the museum's atrium and pours down into an illegible pile of letters on the floor below.

Working in a wide range of media, Xu creates installations that question the idea of communicating meaning through language, demonstrating how both meanings and written words can be easily manipulated.