Do boys score higher than girls on the same math test? The idea that one gender is naturally better at math is a common claim. This project puts it to a controlled test. You recruit 50 boys and 50 girls, all 15 years old, from five different schools. Each school contributes 10 boys and 10 girls. All 100 participants sit the same two-hour math exam under identical conditions. You mark the papers against a single answer key and calculate the average score for each gender at each school. Comparing the results reveals whether any gap exists and how large it actually is.