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General Chemistry Science Fair Project

Hydrogen Bubble Size and Flame Intensity

Hard
Hydrogen Bubble Size and Flame Intensity | Science Fair Projects | STEM Projects
Can a soap bubble explode? Fill bubbles with hydrogen gas, light them on fire, and the answer depends entirely on their size. This project uses a tank of hydrogen gas to blow soap bubbles of different sizes, from less than 1 mm to over 18 mm across. Each bubble is ignited with a lighter while you observe and compare the flames. Bubbles smaller than 4 mm produce no flame at all. As size increases past that threshold, the flames grow larger. Above 18 mm, the combustion turns explosive.

Hypothesis

The hypothesis is that as the size of the hydrogen foam bubbles increase, the energy released in the combustion will be greater.

Method & Materials

You will attach a lever to the hydrogen tank, fill a basin with liquid soap and water, and attach a tube to the lever. You will adjust the rate of hydrogen gas released into the soap mixture and vary the filters used to create bubbles of different sizes. You will then ignite the bubbles and observe the combustion that results.
You will need a tank of hydrogen gas, a flow control valve, tubing, a large basin, liquid soap, water, a lighter, a ruler, and various filters.

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Results

The results showed that no combustion took place for hydrogen foam bubbles that were less than 4mm in diameter. However, as the bubble size increased beyond 4 mm, combustion occurred, with increasingly larger flames as the bubble diameter increased. When the size of the bubbles were more than 18mm, the combustion became explosive.

Why do this project?

This science project is interesting because it explores the potential of using hydrogen as an alternative fuel source. It is unique because it looks at the effect of bubble size on the intensity of the combustion.

Also Consider

Experiment variations include using foam from a fire extinguisher and using the hydrogen foam bubbles to fuel a small rocket.

Full project details

Additional information and source material for this project are available below.

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