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General Environmental Science Science Fair Project

Plant Variety and Animal Species Richness

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Plant Variety and Animal Species Richness | Science Fair Projects | STEM Projects
Do areas with more plant species also attract more animal species? Plants sit at the base of the food web. They also provide shelter for other organisms. This project tests whether richer plant communities support richer animal communities. You mark out plots in two different habitats. One has few plant types, like a grass lawn. The other has many, like a forest edge or wildflower field. You observe and count every species in each plot using a magnifying lens. Compare your species counts to see whether plant variety predicts animal variety.

Hypothesis

The hypothesis is that biological communities that contain a greater variety of plants will have a higher biodiversity in the form of species richness.

Method & Materials

You will identify two very different biological communities, measure three plots of land in each, and take an inventory of all the species within the boundaries.
You will need a tape measure, string/yarn, sticks, a camera or sketchpad, and a magnifying lens.

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Results

After completing the experiment, you will have a better understanding of how different types of plants can affect the biodiversity of a region. One observation that stands out is that plants are often critical components of communities because they form the base of the food web, as well as provide living structures and microclimates for other organisms in the community.

Why do this project?

This science project is interesting and unique because it allows students to explore the impact of different plant communities on biodiversity in their own environment.

Also Consider

Variations of this experiment could include measuring the biodiversity of aquatic environments or measuring the biodiversity of different types of soil.

Full project details

Additional information and source material for this project are available below.

Related videos

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