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Forces and Motion Science Fair Project

Boat Bow Shape and Water Drag

Hard
Boat Bow Shape and Water Drag | Science Fair Projects | STEM Projects
Does the shape of a boat's front end change how much the water pushes back? A flat bow plows into the water. A pointed bow slices through it. The difference shows up as drag (the force resisting forward motion). You build three wooden boats of equal size: one with a flat cuboid shape, one with a half-cylinder bow, and one with a V-shaped bow and curved bottom. Each boat sits in a water tank with pumps creating a steady current. You load each boat with a 300-gram weight and measure drag with a Newton spring balance. The cuboid boat produces 1.2 N of drag. The half-cylinder drops to 1.05 N. The V-shaped bow has the least drag at 0.85 N.

Hypothesis

The hypothesis is that the boat with a V-shaped bow and a curved bottom will experience the least amount of fluid resistance.

Method & Materials

You will arrange two water tanks, place three water pumps outside the tank, and fix the three wooden boats into the inner tank. You will also place a 300-gram weight inside the wooden boat to stabilize it.
You will need a water tank measuring 1.0m x 0.8m x 0.8m (inner tank), a water tank measuring 1.5m x 1.0m x 0.3m (outer tank), three water pumps, a wooden boat - cuboid shape, a wooden boat - half cylindrical in shape, a wooden boat – curved bottom with a V-shape bow, a Newton spring balance, a 300-gram weight, a ruler, and two tanks of tap water.

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Results

The results showed that the boat with the V-shaped bow and the curved bottom had the least amount of fluid resistance in water. The cuboid shaped boat had the most fluid resistance.

Why do this project?

This science project is interesting because it explores the mechanics of a ship and how the shape of its bow affects the amount of water resistance it experiences.

Also Consider

Experiment variations include varying the number of water pumps to simulate varying flow rates, and repeating the experiment using different weights placed in the boat.

Full project details

Additional information and source material for this project are available below.

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