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Enzymes Science Fair Project

Catalase Reaction Rate in Liver and Potato

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Catalase Reaction Rate in Liver and Potato | Science Fair Projects | STEM Projects
How fast does the enzyme catalase break down hydrogen peroxide? Catalase is found in living tissues like liver and potato. When it meets hydrogen peroxide, it triggers a rapid fizzing reaction that produces oxygen gas. You place a small amount of liver or potato extract in a test tube. Then you pour in diluted hydrogen peroxide and immediately start timing. The reaction creates a rising column of froth. You measure its height with a ruler. The reaction rate equals froth height divided by time. You can test different variables like temperature to see how they change the speed. Keeping extract on ice before use helps preserve the enzyme.

Hypothesis

The hypothesis is that the rate of reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide will be affected by different variables.

Science Concepts Learned

Enzymes

Catalase, found in living tissues like liver and potato, triggers a rapid fizzing reaction when it meets hydrogen peroxide, producing oxygen gas. To measure how fast this happens, you place a small amount of liver or potato extract in a test tube, pour in diluted hydrogen peroxide, and immediately start timing. The reaction creates a rising column of froth, and the reaction rate equals froth height divided by time. Keeping the extract on ice before use helps preserve the enzyme. When you test variables like temperature, you can see directly how changing conditions alter the speed of this enzyme-driven process.

Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition

Hydrogen peroxide decomposition is the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas. Living tissues contain the enzyme catalase, which triggers this reaction rapidly. When catalase from liver or potato meets hydrogen peroxide, the oxygen gas released produces a rising column of froth as it escapes.

Reaction Rate

Reaction rate — how fast a chemical change happens — can be measured by tracking a visible result over time. The enzyme catalase triggers a rapid fizzing reaction that produces oxygen gas when it meets hydrogen peroxide. You measure the rising column of froth with a ruler and divide that height by time. That ratio gives you the reaction rate.

Catalase

Catalase is a protein that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas. In liver and potato tissue, this reaction happens fast enough to produce visible fizzing. You can measure how quickly this protein works by tracking the rising column of froth over time.

Temperature and Enzyme Activity

Heat changes the speed of enzymes, the helpers that run reactions in living things, and you can measure that speed directly. Catalase in liver and potato breaks down hydrogen peroxide in a rapid fizzing reaction that produces oxygen gas. Dividing the froth height by time gives the reaction rate, and testing at different temperatures reveals how heat speeds up or slows down this enzyme.

Method & Materials

You will measure out 0.25 ml of extract, 1 ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide and 1 ml of distilled water. Then, you will pour the peroxide into the liver extract tube and immediately begin timing and measuring the distance from the bottom of the tube to the line of maximum height.
You will need liver extract or pieces, potato extract or pieces, 3% Hydrogen Peroxide, test tubes, test tube racks, stopwatch, millimeter ruler, beakers or cups, and a disposable pipette.

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Results

Our experiment has revealed that the rate of reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide is affected by different variables. An interesting observation is that the rate of reaction increases with temperature.

Why do this project?

This science project is interesting and unique because it allows us to explore the effects of catalase on hydrogen peroxide in a controlled environment.

Also Consider

Variations to consider include testing the reaction in different temperatures (0, 40, 60, 80) and testing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.

Full project details

Additional information and source material for this project are available below.
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