This project starts with a simple cut. You snip four healthy stems from a geranium and place them in jars of distilled water, then watch what happens over two to three weeks. Within 10 to 14 days, adventitious roots — roots that sprout from a stem rather than a normal root system — begin to appear on the cut ends. When the roots have grown, you transfer the cuttings to pots with soil, where they develop into plants that look just like the original parent. That is the essence of vegetative propagation: a new plant grown from a cut piece, not from a seed.